2002 Erbil Esmer, 36, as a spark causes explosion of gas used to artificially ripen fruit, as he is shopping for bananas at a fruit wholesaler in Balikesir, Turkey. Nine persons are injured. Several buildings and vehicles are damaged.
2001
Muhammad Abed Al-Aziz Ashour, Diyaa Mahmoud Qadah, Riziq Shaaban Hirz-Allah,
Sami Jawad Abed Allatif Aldanif, Khaled Abu Yaqoub and Asaad Abu Ataya,.Palestinian
policemen, by Israeli tanks and troops making an incursion into
Salfit, near Nablus, West Bank, early in the day.2000 Un concejal del [Partido Popular,.asesinado en Tarrasa por ETA (Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna).
1999 Cherica Adams [photo >], 24, of wounds from a 16 November drive-by shooting (when she was 6-1/2-months pregnant) contracted by her lover football player Rae Carruth, 25, so as to avoid having to pay child support. The baby, Chancellor Lee Adams, survives, though with severe cerebral palsy, delivered premature by Caesarean section shortly after the shooting. On 22 January 2001 Carruth would be sentenced to a minimum of 227 months in prison without parole.
1990 Friedrich Durrenmatt, escritor suizo. — [Etait-il dur en math?]
1989 Andrei D Sakharov, 68, Soviet Physicist, Dissident and 1975 Nobel peace prize winner, in Moscow.
1986 (o ¿1984?) Pedro Sainz Rodríguez, profesor, escritor, académico, y político español.
1985 Antonio Tovar Llorente, lingüista español.
1984 Vicente Aleixandre y Merlo, poeta español, Premio Nobel en 1977
1978 Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo, ensayista y diplomático español.
1959 Sir Stanley Spencer, British artist born on 30 June 1891. — LINKS
1950 George Bernard Shaw, dramaturgo irlandés.
1945 Josef Kramer known as "beast of Belsen," and 10 others hung for crimes committed at the Belsen and Oswiecim Nazi concentration camps
1943 Dr. John Harvey Kellogg, surgeon, health authority, developer of the Battle Creek Sanitarium and founder of the food business which later became the W. K. Kellogg Company. He was born on 26 February 1852.
| 1939 Day 15 of Winter War: USSR
aggression against Finland. [Talvisodan
15. päivä] More deaths due to Stalin's desire to grab Finnish territory. Soviet destroyer sunk by Utö fortress. |
1927 Sokhotsky, mathematician.
1926 Albert Müller, Swiss artist born in 1897.
1923 Théophile Alexandre Steinlen, Swiss French artist born on 10 November 1859.
1918 Bernardino Sidònio Paes, asesinado, presidente de la República Portuguesa.
1909 Agustín Querol, escultor español.
1904 Philip Lodewijk Jacob Frederik Sadee, Dutch artist born on 07 February 1837.
1903 William Ennis first cop to die in the electric chair
1897 Francesco Brioschi, mathematician.
1888 Richard Redgrave, British artist born on 30 April 1804. — LINKS
1861 Prince Albert of England, one of the Union's strongest advocates in the US Civil War.
1852 Johann-Jakob Dorner II, German artist born on 07 July 1775. — Not to be confused with the painter of The Hard Landlady (1787)
| 1799 George Washington,
67, American revolutionary leader and first president of the United
States, acute laryngitis, at his estate in Mount Vernon, Virginia.
Washington was born in 1732 to a farm family in Westmoreland County, Virginia, and through his extensive reading was essentially self-educated. From an early age, the future first president of the United States had a passionate interest in the vast unsettled territories of the West. Like many other aristocratic Virginians, Washington coveted land, and most ambitious young men of the eighteenth century had one way to acquire land: they went west. As a 16-year-old in 1748, Washington made the first of several long journeys into the West, working as a skilled surveyor in the Shenandoah Valley. Unusually tall and strong, Washington loved the wild western lands of Virginia and was an excellent frontiersman. From the start, Washington's ambitions were unabashedly mercenary, and he could not gaze on any tract of pristine land without considering its potential for development and profit. To that end, Washington had little tolerance for the remaining bands of Indians he encountered during his travels, writing in his journal that he found their war dances "comical. “ Washington also had a strong distaste for the illegal pioneers who squatted on western lands they did not own, calling one group of Pennsylvania Germans as "Ignorant a Set of People as the Indians. “ Washington believed both the Indians and the illegal squatters would need to be removed if the land was to be properly settled and exploited. Washington's first direct military experience came as a major in the Virginia colonial militia in 1754, when he led a small expedition against the French in the Ohio River valley on behalf of the governor of Virginia. As a colonel during the Seven Years' War between Britain and France, Washington took command of the defenses of the western Virginian frontier in 1756. After joining the colonial military to defend British interests in the West, Washington moved quickly to increase his own land holdings and develop them for profit. As a reward for his military service, Washington claimed 12'000 hectares of prime agricultural land along the Kanawha and Ohio rivers west of the Appalachian Mountains (an area that lies in modern-day West Virginia and Ohio). To solidify his claim and begin generating a profit, Washington advertised for settlers and purchased slaves to colonize his holdings. After the Seven Years' War, Washington resigned from his military post and over the next two decades he openly opposed the escalating British taxation and repression of the American colonies. In 1774, Washington represented Virginia at the Continental Congress and, after the American War for Independence erupted in 1775, was appointed commander in chief of the newly established Continental army. The outbreak of the Revolutionary War in 1775 and Washington's growing political responsibilities often interfered with his personal plans for western expansion during the following years, and he rarely had time to visit his distant landholdings. Not surprisingly, when he became the first president of the United States, Washington strongly endorsed the idea that the young nation must expand westward and settle the Trans-Appalachian regions of the Ohio and Mississippi valleys. It remained for Washington's successors to fully realize his vision, but the first president led his countrymen in speculating on and profiting from the sale and rent of western lands. With this inexperienced and poorly equipped army of civilian soldiers, Washington led an effective war of harassment against British forces in America, while employing his extraordinary diplomatic skills to encourage the intervention of the French into the conflict on behalf of the colonists. On 19 October 1781, British General Charles Lord Cornwallis surrendered his massive British army at Yorktown, Virginia, and General George Washington had defeated one of the most powerful nations on earth. After the war, the victorious revolutionary general retired to his estate at Mount Vernon, but in 1787 he heeded his nation's call and returned to politics to preside over the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. On 30 April 1789, George Washington was inaugurated as the first president of the United States, and in 1792 was unanimously elected to a second term. While in office, he sought to unite the nation and protect the interests of the new republic at home and abroad. In 1797, Washington retired to Mount Vernon, where he died of natural causes two years later. |
1788 Carlos III, Rey de España.
1734 Noël-Nicolas Coypel, French painter born on 17 November 1690. — MORE ON COYPEL AT ART “4” DECEMBER — Madame de Bourbon-Conti
1287 Some 50'000 drown as Zuider Zee seawall collapses
