1909: LE
MANIFESTE FUTURISTE |
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Born on 20 February 1844: Mihály
Munkácsy von Lieb, Hungarian Realist
painter who died on 01 May 1900. Munkácsy was an outstanding Hungarian realist painter of the 19th century. He started to paint during the years he spent in Arad as a joiner. With the help of patrons he studied at the Viennese, Munich and Düsseldorf academies. Munkácsy painted his first major work, the outstanding The Condemned Cell in Düsseldorf in 1872, then together with his friend László Paál, he moved to Paris, where be lived until the end of his life. Munkácsy painted his genres in the style of realism between 1873 and 1875: Midnight Ramblers, Farewell, Churning Woman, Woman Carrying Brushwood, and Pawnshop were the zenith of his career. He married the widow of Baron de Marches in 1874, and his style changed from that time on. Departing from the typical subjects of realism, be produced colorful salon paintings and still-lifes. This was the period when be also turned to landscape painting; his growing interest is marked by such great paintings as Dusty Road. Corn Field, and Walking in the Woods. The assimilation of László Paál's style is apparent in the landscapes painted during the 1880s, such as Avenue and Colpach Park. His realist portraits e.g. of Franz Liszt and Cardinal Haynald were also born at about this time, together with his religious paintings, such as Christ before Pilate, Golgotha and later, Ecce homo. Towards the end of his career he painted two monumental works: Hungarian Conquest for the House of Parliament and a fresco entitled Apotheosis of Renaissance, for the ceiling of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. LINKS Yawning Apprentice (Ásító inas) (1869) Woman Churning (Köpülő asszony) (1873) Woman Carrying Faggots (Rőzsehordó nő) (1873) The Pawnbroker's Shop (Zálogház) (1874) Dusty Road I (Poros út I) (1874) Portrait of László Paál (Paál László portréja) (1877) Portrait of Cardinal Lajos Haynald (Haynald Lajos arcképe) (1884) Ecce Homo (1896) Baby's Visitors |
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Born
on 20 February 1808: Honoré-Victorin Daumier,
(birth date sometimes given as 26 Feb) Born in Marseilles France, Daumier would become a prolific caricaturist, painter, and sculptor, especially renowned for his cartoons and drawings satirizing 19th-century French politics and society. His paintings, though hardly known during his lifetime, helped introduce techniques of Impressionism into modern art. ^top^ In his lifetime he was known chiefly as a political and social satirist, but since his death recognition of his qualities as a painter has grown. In 1830, after learning the still fairly new process of lithography, he began to contribute political cartoons to the anti-government weekly Caricature. He was an ardent Republican and was sentenced to six months' imprisonment in 1832 for his attacks on Louis-Philippe, whom he represented as `Gargantua swallowing bags of gold extorted from the people' [<<<]. On the suppression of political satire in 1835 he began to work for Charivari and turned to satire of social life, but at the time of the 1848 revolution he returned to political subjects. He is said to have made more than 4000 lithographs, wishing each time that the one he had just made could be his last. In the last years of his life he was almost blind and was saved from destitution by Corot. He died on 11 February 1879. |
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1909: Le Manifeste Futuriste.
^top^ Le Figaro publie le manifeste suivant, composé par l'écrivain Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. Ce manifeste est considéré comme étant le texte fondateur du mouvement futuriste. 1. Nous voulons chanter l'amour du danger, l'habitude de l'énergie et de la témérité. 2. Les éléments essentiels de notre poésie seront le courage, l'audace, et la révolte. 3. La littérature ayant jusqu'ici magnifié l'immobilité pensive, l'extase et le sommeil, nous voulons exalter le mouvement agressif, l'insomnie fiévreuse, le pas gymnastique, le saut périlleux, la gifle et le coup de poing. 4. Nous déclarons que la splendeur du monde s'est enrichie d'une beauté nouvelle: la beauté de la vitesse. Une automobile de course avec son coffre orné de gros tuyaux tels des serpents ŕ l'haleine explosive... une automobile rugissante, qui a l'air de courir sur de la mitraille, est plus belle que la Victoire de Samothrace. 5. Nous voulons chanter l'homme qui tient le volant dont la tige idéale traverse la terre, lancée elle-męme sur le circuit de son orbite... C'est en Italie que nous lançons ce manifeste de violence culbutante et incendiaire, par lequel nous fondons aujourd'hui le Futurisme parce que nous voulons délivrer l'Italie de sa gangrčne d'archéologues, de cicérones et d'antiquaires... F. T. Marinetti MARINETTI LINKS |